A cracked tooth might not seem significant, especially if you aren’t in pain. But over time, that seemingly small crack can deepen and lead to serious complications, including infection and the need for a root canal. We frequently treat patients who don’t realise that a minor dental fracture can open the door to bacteria, jeopardising the tooth's health from the inside out. While not every cracked tooth requires endodontic treatment, understanding the risks and warning signs is essential to protecting your oral health. In many cases, quick action can prevent the need for more invasive procedures later on. A cracked or infected tooth can lead to pain and serious oral health issues if left untreated. A root canal can often save the tooth and relieve discomfort. Watch for signs like sensitivity, swelling, or persistent pain. Want to know if this treatment is right for you? Visit our blog page: Will Root Canals Benefit My Smile? to learn how a root canal can protect your smile and prevent further damage.

What Causes a Cracked Tooth?

Tooth enamel is one of the most complex substances in the body, but it's not indestructible. Cracks can happen for many reasons, some sudden and others gradual. Common causes include:

• Biting into hard objects – Hard candies, ice cubes, popcorn kernels, and even pens can exert enough pressure to crack a tooth.
• Bruxism (teeth grinding) – Chronic grinding or clenching, especially at night, can wear down enamel and create stress fractures.
• Large fillings or restorations— A tooth that has already undergone extensive dental work may be structurally weaker and more vulnerable to cracking.
• Injury or trauma – A fall, sports injury, or accident can cause sudden fractures.
• Extreme temperature changes— Rapid shifts from hot to cold (like sipping ice water after hot coffee) can cause tiny fractures due to the expansion and contraction of the enamel.
• Age-related wear and tear – Over the years, enamel naturally weakens, making cracks more likely in older adults.

Even a hairline crack can allow bacteria to enter the inner layers of the tooth, where it can cause infection and inflammation.

Why a Cracked Tooth Can Become Infected

Your tooth is made up of three layers:

• Enamel – The strong, outer protective layer
• Dentin – The softer middle layer beneath the enamel
• Pulp – The innermost chamber that contains blood vessels and nerves

When a tooth becomes cracked, bacteria from your mouth may seep into the dentin or even reach the pulp. Once bacteria invade the pulp, they can trigger inflammation and infection and ultimately damage the tooth’s vital tissues. This infection doesn’t just remain localised; it can spread to surrounding tissues, leading to swelling, abscess formation, bone loss, and even systemic issues if left untreated. This is why cracked tooth gum swelling is a serious warning sign; it often indicates the presence of infection. At this stage, a simple restoration is not enough to resolve the issue. A root canal for a cracked tooth infection is often the only way to save the tooth and prevent further complications.

Warning Signs That a Cracked Tooth Might Be Infected

Some cracks are easy to see or feel, especially if a piece of the tooth has broken off. Others are nearly invisible but can still cause significant problems. Recognising the signs of a cracked tooth early can make all the difference in treatment success.

1. Persistent or Intermittent Tooth Pain

Pain is one of the most obvious red flags. It may come and go, or be constant. You may notice it when biting or chewing, or it could be a dull ache that lingers. Pain that doesn’t go away even after the pressure is removed may mean the pulp is damaged.

2. Sensitivity to Hot and Cold

Infected or exposed pulp tissue often causes heightened sensitivity. If you notice a sharp pain or discomfort when drinking hot coffee or eating ice cream, it could be a sign that the crack has reached the tooth's inner layers.

3. Swelling Around the Gums

Cracked tooth and gum swelling near the affected area may indicate that the infection has spread beyond the tooth. Sometimes, a pimple-like bump (a fistula) will appear and may release pus.

4. Tooth Discolouration

A tooth that turns grey or becomes darker than the surrounding teeth may be experiencing internal pulp death. This discoloration is often caused by internal bleeding or infection.

5. Bad Breath or Foul Taste

A persistent bad taste or odour that doesn’t go away, even with brushing or rinsing, may be due to pus from an infected crack.

6. Difficulty Chewing

A cracked or infected tooth may feel unstable or painful under pressure. If you’re favouring one side of your mouth while eating, it’s a sign to get checked.

If you notice any signs of a cracked tooth, it’s essential to seek dental care quickly. Early treatment can often prevent more invasive procedures.

When Does a Cracked Tooth Need a Root Canal?

Patients often ask, “Do cracked teeth need root canals?” The answer depends on how deep the crack is and whether the pulp has become damaged or infected.

Superficial cracks may be managed with dental bonding or dental crowns. However, a cracked tooth root canal becomes necessary when:

• The crack reaches the pulp chamber
• There are clear signs of infection or abscess.
• The tooth is causing persistent pain or temperature sensitivity.
• The structure of the tooth is compromised and at risk for further damage.

In such cases, the infected pulp is removed, and the inner canals are cleaned, sealed, and protected with a crown to restore strength and function. We use advanced digital imaging and diagnostic tools to determine whether root canal treatment for cracked teeth is appropriate.

What to Expect During a Root Canal

Many people fear root canal therapy, but modern techniques make the process comfortable, safe, and effective. Here’s what you can expect:

Step 1: Diagnosis and Preparation

Your dentist will assess the tooth using digital X-rays and imaging. Local anaesthesia ensures you won’t feel discomfort during the procedure.

Step 2: Cleaning the Canals

A small opening is made in the tooth to remove the infected pulp. The canals are thoroughly cleaned and shaped to prepare for sealing.

Step 3: Sealing the Tooth

Once cleaned, the canals are filled with a biocompatible material (gutta-percha), and the access point is sealed.

Step 4: Restoration

A crown is placed over the treated tooth to restore function and protect it from future damage. Thanks to modern technology and sedation options, root canals today are no more uncomfortable than a standard filling.

How to Prevent Cracked Teeth

Preventing cracked teeth starts with good dental habits and lifestyle choices. Here are some expert tips on how to prevent cracked teeth:

• Avoid chewing hard items. Ice, hard candy, popcorn kernels, and pens can all cause cracks.
• Don’t use your teeth as tools – Opening packages or biting nails weakens enamel over time.
• Address teeth grinding – Use a custom nightguard to protect your teeth if you grind or clench.
• Wear a mouthguard – Use a protective mouthguard to avoid injury if you play contact sports.
• Practice good oral hygiene – Daily brushing, flossing, and regular checkups help spot cracks early.
• Limit extreme temperature shifts – Sudden changes from hot to cold can stress the enamel.

Your dentist can also recommend preventive treatments like crowns or onlays for teeth with existing damage or large fillings vulnerable to cracking.

Conclusion: Don’t Ignore That Cracked Tooth

A cracked tooth might seem like a small issue at first, but if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, often paving the way for infection that may require a root canal. Recognising early warning signs like tooth sensitivity, chewing pain, or swelling around the gums can help prevent the problem from escalating. For more insight into how infections from cracked teeth are treated, visit our blog Everything You Need to Know About Root Canals. So, do cracked teeth need root canals? In many cases, yes, especially when the pulp becomes exposed or infected. Timely treatment with root canals for cracked tooth cases can save the natural tooth and prevent further damage. At Schaumburg Dental Studio, we’re here to diagnose, treat, and help you avoid serious dental issues. If you’re experiencing any symptoms of a cracked or infected tooth, don’t delay. Schedule your consultation today.